ADC and potentiometer
Change the knob position to see input voltage, ADC value, mapped 8-bit PWM duty, and LED brightness update together.
ADC conversion ADC = Vin / Vref x 4095
ADC = 1.65 V / 3.3 V x 4095 = 2048
PWM mapping PWM = ADC / 4095 x 255
PWM = 2048 / 4095 x 255 = 128
3.3V GND
10k potentiometer
Vin 1.65V
ESP32 GPIO34 ADC 2048
Mapped digital PWM Duty 50% PWM 128 / 255 Avg 1.66 V
Knob position50%
Input voltage1.65 V
ADC value2048 / 4095
Mapped PWM128 / 255